Coyotes and golden eagles are effective predators of juvenile javelina. Since javelina are found in so many habitats, its natural that their foods should vary. Javelina are opportunistic feeders eating flowers, fruits, nuts, berries, bulbs, and most succulent plants.
Prickly pear cactus makes up the major portion of their diet. Javelina were not legally designated as big game until , when a season from November 1 through January 31 was authorized and a bag limit of one javelina a year was imposed. Hunter interest gradually increased, particularly among non-residents, and the javelina became an important game animal in Arizona after World War II.
By , hunters were purchasing nearly 10, javelina tags and taking more than 1, animals a year. In , an archery javelina season was initiated, and by more than 30, hunters were harvesting more than 6, javelina a year. This pressure was deemed excessive in some game management units, and permit-only firearm hunting was instituted in To further curtail hunt pressure and better distribute hunters, permit-only HAM handgun, archery, and muzzleloader hunts were initiated in , and archery hunting was limited to permit-only hunting in In , Arizona began offering javelina permits for fall seasons as well as spring seasons.
Javelina are herd animals with herd sizes averaging 8 to 9 animals. Territories are set up using droppings and the dorsal scent gland to mark these areas.
Aggressive displays will be made to intruding javelina. Territory size varies with the productivity of the habitat, but averages about acres. Predators: Coyote and mountain lion. E-news Signup. My Account. For more information, go to www. All rights reserved. Terms of Service Privacy Policy. Log Out. Subscribe Now. Arizona Game and Fish Department now accepting elk and antelope applications. Originally Published: January 11, p. The deadline for the department to receive all applications is p.
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